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設(shè)計(jì)單位? 行之建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所

項(xiàng)目地址? 海南海口

方案狀態(tài)? 中選

建筑面積? 106000平方米

本文文字由設(shè)計(jì)單位提供。

以“互聯(lián)森林（Inter Links）”摒棄傳統(tǒng)校園的刻板空間，構(gòu)建氣候適應(yīng)性建筑網(wǎng)絡(luò)，將校園轉(zhuǎn)化為“會呼吸的森林”，在連接、遮陽、通風(fēng)的物理性能之外，也承載青春記憶與創(chuàng)新思維的培育。建筑與自然、個體與社群、學(xué)習(xí)與休憩緊密交織，詮釋了熱帶中學(xué)的未來形態(tài)。

The Inter Links, replacing rigid campus forms with a climate-responsive network. Ecological strategies transform it into a "breathing forest" that cultivates youth memories and innovation beyond physical connectivity/shading/ventilation. Here, architecture-nature, individual-community, and learning-life intertwine, defining the future tropical school.

項(xiàng)目背景

Sea Tide

“海潮計(jì)劃”海口市教育建筑集群設(shè)計(jì)工作營，由北京市建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院股份有限公司領(lǐng)銜，于2023年6月16日啟動，是海口市政府為自貿(mào)島（港）時代的國際視野下，提升海口城市建設(shè)與城市影響力的專業(yè)系列活動之一。

The "Sea Tide" Haikou Educational Building Cluster Design Workshop, spearheaded by Beijing Institute of Architectural Design (BIAD), was launched on June 16, 2023. It is one of a series of Haikou's initiatives to enhance urban development and global influence during the Hainan Free Trade Port era.

“海潮計(jì)劃”以“新時代、新銳性、示范性、前瞻性、大眾化”的總體定位，通過創(chuàng)新的模式，為海口市探索并建立一套高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、高質(zhì)量的集群設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)制，支持海口市教育建筑建設(shè)和城市高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。該計(jì)劃將分期開展海口市13所學(xué)校的設(shè)計(jì)工作，結(jié)合學(xué)生的成長特點(diǎn)和多元化的教育理念，打造一批符合教育理念變革、以學(xué)生為中心、兼顧海口城市特色的新型校園，創(chuàng)建新時代教育建筑示范發(fā)展樣板。

Positioned as "New Era, Cutting-edge, Exemplary, Forward-looking, and Inclusive," the project establishes a high-quality cluster design mechanism for Haikou. It supports educational infrastructure and urban development through phased design of 13 schools. These campuses integrate student growth patterns and modern pedagogy to create student-centered for future Tropical education architecture.

2024年1月25日，“海潮計(jì)劃”舉行評審發(fā)布會，我們的“互聯(lián)森林（Inter Links）”提案，在海口長天中學(xué)的概念設(shè)計(jì)競賽中勝出，成為該校未來實(shí)施的藍(lán)本。

On January 25, 2024, Our proposal, "INTER LINKS," won the conceptual design competition for Haikou Changtian Middle School, becoming the blueprint for its future implementation.

重塑未來熱帶中學(xué)教育空間

Reshaping Future Tropical Middle Schools

中學(xué)建筑是一種成熟的建筑類型。在統(tǒng)一的辦學(xué)模式的要求，以及中學(xué)校設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范無微不至的關(guān)照之下，已經(jīng)篩選出幾種的固定形態(tài)。

Middle school architecture has standardized typologies developed under uniform operational models and stringent design codes.

然而，中國地域氣候差異顯著，教育模式與時俱進(jìn)，一刀切的規(guī)范是否放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)？大同小異的學(xué)校建筑是否能適應(yīng)更多元、更豐富的未來教學(xué)需求？千校一面是否能容納青少年個性成長？

Yet given China's climatic diversity and evolving education models: Are universal standards still relevant? Can similar schools meet diverse future needs? Do uniform campuses support adolescent individuality?

在“海潮計(jì)劃”之前，深圳做了不少熱帶中學(xué)建筑的研究探索：在熱帶低緯度地區(qū)，比起日照更需要遮陽防眩光；學(xué)校空曠操場暴曬，無法承擔(dān)所有戶外活動場景，也需要更多可遮蔭擋雨、分散式灰空間；學(xué)校人數(shù)多時間齊，需要分散路徑而非集中瓶頸造成擁堵，等等。

Preceding this project, Shenzhen's tropical school research revealed: Low-latitude regions prioritize shading over sunlight exposure; exposed playgrounds need supplemented shaded transitional spaces; synchronized student movement requires dispersed circulation to prevent congestion.

我們借此次的機(jī)會，對以上問題進(jìn)行梳理，嘗試設(shè)計(jì)一套為海口氣候定制的，面向未來的中學(xué)建筑類型。

Through the competition, we address these challenges to design a climate-responsive, future-oriented middle school typology for Haikou.

網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式

The Network

我們把學(xué)校空間視為一種自由連接的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，而非傳統(tǒng)廊道，并且全部首層架空——形成全域無傘通行。風(fēng)雨走廊除了遮陽避雨的交通功能，也是容納社團(tuán)活動、小型展覽等多樣化功能空間，成為學(xué)生課間交流的“社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)”。

We reconceive school space as an interconnected network (not corridors) with fully elevated ground floors—enabling campus-wide rainproof circulation. Covered walkways serve as both weather-protected routes and multifunctional "social networks" for club activities and exhibitions.

每個節(jié)點(diǎn)是一個垂直交通樞紐。以其為中心，“樹枝狀”發(fā)散互聯(lián)，“枝杈”上排列著模塊化的教學(xué)等功能空間。

Each node acts as a vertical hub. Modular learning spaces align along branching connections from these hubs.

由“樹杈”圍合的庭院形態(tài)各異，既可作為露天社交場域，也可覆頂轉(zhuǎn)化為圖書館、食堂等室內(nèi)空間。

Branch-enclosed courtyards vary in form, functioning as open social areas or covered indoor spaces (e.g., libraries, canteens).

整個網(wǎng)絡(luò)建筑群通過起伏造型實(shí)現(xiàn)自遮陽，將年2000小時的強(qiáng)日照轉(zhuǎn)化為柔光，同時削弱熱帶氣旋影響，維持自然通風(fēng)。這種Inter Links體系模糊了交通與功能的界限，形成有機(jī)生長的森林式結(jié)構(gòu)——這就是Inter Links的概念核心。

The undulating complex self-shades, transforming 2000+ annual sunshine hours into soft light while mitigating tropical cyclones and enabling natural ventilation. This Inter Links system blurs circulation/function boundaries, creating an organic forest-like structure—the core concept.

置入場地

Site Integration

作為102 班完全中學(xué)，共有初中 36 班，高中 66 班。場地面積為128120平方米，北側(cè)與東側(cè)是城市道路，西側(cè)和南側(cè)是農(nóng)田。校園對角布置400米與300米跑道，緩沖城市噪音。

Designed for 102 classes (36 junior + 66 senior high) on a 128,120m2 site. Urban roads border north/east; farmland south/west. Diagonal 400m/300m tracks buffer urban noise.

東北角退讓形成交通廣場，塑造開闊的城市界面和學(xué)校集散入口。廣場兩側(cè)設(shè)置風(fēng)雨操場與報告廳，可作為公共設(shè)施承辦活動，而不影響中學(xué)內(nèi)部教學(xué)生活。

A northeast setback creates a transport plaza with school entrance. Flanking covered sports halls and auditorium host public events without disrupting campus life.

宿舍區(qū)遠(yuǎn)離道路臨接運(yùn)動場，食堂利用宿舍圍合的中庭，屋頂花園提供休憩空間，天井采光通風(fēng)。

Dorms adjacent to sports fields face away from roads. The canteen uses a dorm-enclosed atrium with rooftop gardens and lightwells.

圖書館位于校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)核心，由教學(xué)樓的枝杈圍合的庭院加玻璃天光而成，光線柔和，首層四周通透。與傳統(tǒng)中學(xué)圖書館作為標(biāo)志性主樓的莊嚴(yán)肅穆和紀(jì)念性不同，它是一個數(shù)字內(nèi)容與紙質(zhì)書本共存的，開放而通透的媒體學(xué)習(xí)中心。

The central library—a glass-roofed courtyard within teaching branches—features soft light and ground-floor transparency. Unlike traditional monumental libraries, it’s an open media hub blending digital/physical resources.

初高中部通過連廊實(shí)現(xiàn)資源共享，立面遮陽反射濾光片構(gòu)件與格柵墻增強(qiáng)光環(huán)境調(diào)控，架空層形成穿堂風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。

Link corridors connect junior/senior sections. Facade sunshades and grille walls optimize light; elevated floors enable cross-ventilation.

設(shè)計(jì)思辨

Design Reflections

問：為何拒絕均質(zhì)網(wǎng)格？

Q: Why avoid rigid grids?

答：采用均質(zhì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，會強(qiáng)化紀(jì)念性和和壓迫感，非但不像一座自由的森林，反倒如同監(jiān)獄。而且，自由網(wǎng)絡(luò)更適應(yīng)場地微調(diào)需求，形成有機(jī)空間體驗(yàn)。

A: They impose monumentality and oppression—resembling prisons, not forests. Flexible networks better adapt to sites, creating organic spatial experiences.

問：會不會迷路？

Q: Navigation concerns?

答：初期需要視覺導(dǎo)視，但是熟悉之后，會發(fā)現(xiàn)每個院落都不一樣，反而產(chǎn)生場域歸屬感。何況，在一個刻板的毫無探索欲的地方度過六年的青春時光，是一件多么無聊的事情。我們希望讓學(xué)生在學(xué)業(yè)壓力之下，保持趣味性和新鮮感。

A: Initial wayfinding VI system needed. After weeks students will navigate it like their own Minecraft world with unique courtyards. Boring schools are so last decade; ours is an adventure map,We preserve discovery amid academic rigor.

完整項(xiàng)目信息

項(xiàng)目名稱：海口市長天中學(xué)概念設(shè)計(jì)

設(shè)計(jì)單位：行之建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所

主創(chuàng)建筑師：熊星

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)：熊星、黃昀軒、曹慧、雷聞天、張勍、金蕾、胡佳

聯(lián)絡(luò)方式：info@xing.design

方案狀態(tài)：中選

建筑面積：106000平方米

項(xiàng)目地址：海南省海口市

效果圖：SAN、XINGDESIGN行之

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